Android4SAM v2.1

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Demo Package

Demo based on Android-2.3.7_r1	SAM9M10 MCU	SAM9G45 MCU	SAM9X5 MCU
Nand Boot	9M10/Nand (~ 46 MB, md5)	9G45/Nand (~ 45 MB, md5)	9X5/Nand (~ 45 MB, md5)
SD Boot	9M10/SD (~ 54 MB, md5)	9G45/SD (~ 53 MB, md5)	9X5/SD (~ 53 MB, md5)

These demo packages can be programmed to corresponding EK boards by using SAM-BA Tool.

Build Process

AT91Bootstrap

Pre-built Binaries

	SAM9M10 MCU	SAM9G45 MCU	SAM9X5 MCU
Nandflash Booting	bootstrap-3.4-sam9m10-nandboot.bin	bootstrap-3.4-sam9g45-nandboot.bin	bootstrap-3.4-sam9x5-nandboot.bin
SD Card Booting	bootstrap-3.4-sam9m10-sdcardboot.bin	bootstrap-3.4-sam9g45-sdcardboot.bin	bootstrap-3.4-sam9x5-sdcardboot.bin

Load AT91Bootstrap on SAM9 Boards

This section describes how to load AT91Bootstrap into the boot media with SAM-BA.

• Connect the USB Device Interface to your host machine using the USB Device Cable
• Make sure that the chip can execute the bootROM monitor SAM-BA-boot
• Start SAM-BA GUI Application
• Select the the board in the drop-down menu and choose the USBSerial connection

  

• Click connect to start SAM-BA UI
• In the main SAM-BA window :

  

1. Choose the proper media tab (NandFlash) in the SAM-BA GUI interface
2. Initialize the media choosing the Enable action in the Scripts rolling menu and press Execute
3. Choose Enable OS PMECC is only for sam9x5 and the default PMECC parameters shall be kept
4. Choose Send boot file, press Execute
5. Select the at91bootstrap binary file and press Open ; the media is written down
6. Close SAM-BA, remove the USB cable

Build AT91Bootstrap

For SD Card Booting

1. Get the source code of AT91Bootstrap
   

    $ wget ftp://ftp.linux4sam.org/pub/Android4SAM/v2.1/patches/at91bootstrap-3.4.tar.gz

2. Decompress the package
   

    $ tar zxvf at91bootstrap-3.4.tar.gz && cd at91bootstrap-3.4

3. Configure AT91Bootstrap
   

    $ make mrproper && make at91sam9m10g45eksd_android_defconfig

   
   You may need to run
   

   make menuconfig

   
   to configure other parameters such as Linux kernel command line.
4. Build AT91Bootstrap
   

    $ make CROSS_COMPILE=(path_to_cross-compiler/cross-compiler-prefix-) 

5. Format one SD Card to FAT32

6. Copy binaries/at91sam9m10g45ek-sdcardboot-linux-3.4.bin to SD card and rename it to boot.bin

For the board with AT91SAM9G45 MCU
Using the same file with AT91SAM9M10 MCU

For the board with AT91SAM9X5 MCU
step 3 will be

 $ make mrproper && make at91sam9x5edsd_android_defconfig .config

Step 6 will be,
Copy binaries/at91sam9x5ek-sdcardboot-linux-3.4.bin to SD card and rename it to boot.bin

In Linux environment, you may need to name the booting image as BOOT.BIN

In order to boot from SD card, the MCU ROM code has two assumptions,

• The first partition of the SD Card is formated with FAT or FAT32
• The bootstrap file shall be named with "boot.bin" and is copied into the first partition

For NandFlash Booting

1. Get the source code of AT91Bootstrap
   

    $ wget ftp://ftp.linux4sam.org/pub/Android4SAM/v2.1/patches/at91bootstrap-3.4.tar.gz

2. Decompress the package
   

    $ tar zxvf at91bootstrap-3.4.tar.gz && cd at91bootstrap-3.4

3. Configure AT91Bootstrap
   

    $ make mrproper && make at91sam9m10g45eknf_android_defconfig

4. Build AT91Bootstrap
   

    $ make CROSS_COMPILE=(path_to_cross-compiler/cross-compiler-prefix-) 

5. The final image can be found as binaries/at91sam9m10g45ek-nandflashboot-linux-3.4.bin
6. Flash the final image to your EK board, as mentioned above

For the board with AT91SAM9G45 MCU
Using the same file with AT91SAM9M10 MCU

For the board with AT91SAM9X5 MCU
step 3 will be

 $ make mrproper && make at91sam9x5eknf_android_defconfig

Step 5 will be,
The final image can be found as binaries/at91sam9x5ek-nandflashboot-linux-3.4.bin

Android Root File System

Android root file system consists of Android libraries, Java VM, applications and some configurations, besides the basic root file system components. This page will give you a hands-on introduction on how to build android system and generate a RootFS image.

BuildAndroidSteps

Build Android

Please follow the steps below during the building process:

1. Get Android source code from Google's git repository.
2. For the target board, several patches need to be applied.
3. The final step is to configure the building parameters, and then build it.

Android official web site also provides a guide on how to build from source code, you can reference it from http://source.android.com/source/download.html.

Building Steps

GetAndroid	BuildAndroid	GenerateAndroidImage
Setup Build Machine Host System Necessary Packages Add Environment Variables Install Repo Initialize Repo Repository Get Source Code	Get and patch the Android source code Download the Android patch file Extract the patch file in vendor folder: Configure and Build Android	Requirements Steps of Generating Android Root File System Image Create UBIFS Image Create SD Card Image Steps of Load Image Load UBIFS Image Load SD Card Image

Linux Kernel

Introduction

Pre-built images

	SAM9M10 MCU	SAM9G45 MCU	SAM9X5 MCU
Nandflash Booting	linux-2.6.39-sam9m10-nf-uImage	linux-2.6.39-sam9g45-nf-uImage	linux-2.6.39-sam9x5-nf-uImage
SD Card Booting	linux-2.6.39-sam9m10-sd-uImage	linux-2.6.39-sam9g45-sd-uImage	linux-2.6.39-sam9x5-sd-uImage

Android4SAM pre-built kernel image is included in Android4SAM demo package. It is of U-Boot format.

Download

AT91 Linux Kernel Source

Linux Kernel revision	Vanilla Linux Kernel	Atmel patch	Android kernel patch	Android4SAM patch
Linux 2.6.39	linux-2.6.39.tar.bz2	2.6.39-at91-exp.tar.gz	linux-2.6.39.diff	linux-2.6.39_Android-2.3.7_r1.diff

You need to apply the patch from left to right orderly.

Patch Description

Atmel Patch (2.6.39-at91-exp.tar.gz):

• Support for AT91SAM9x5 family (SAM9G15, SAM9G25, SAM9X25, SAM9G35 and SAM9X35)
• DMA use on SD/MMC, SSC (I2S) audio, SPI and NAND flash peripherals
• NAND hardware ECC support using PMECC controller
• LCD with overlays and 2D acceleration
• ISI support using Video4Linux2 SoC interface
• Qtouch touch button
• CAN bus support for SA

Android4SAM Patch (linux-2.6.39_Android-2.3.7_r1.diff)

• Add hardware video decoder driver for sam9m10 chip
• Add ISI driver for camera applicaton
• Add dummy battery driver which is needed for android
• Add LCD double buffer driver which is needed for android
• Modify the NAND flash partition table
• Modify touchscreen driver to make it more accurate
• Modify LCD driver to make it not flicker under android
• Modify button driver to make the button work well under android
• Add QT1070 button support on 5-Series EK boards

Build

Get and Patch

To get an experimental Android4SAM kernel up and running on an AT91 product, please go through the following steps:

1. Download the corresponding Linux kernel, for example, we use 2.6.39 kernel.

$ wget http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v2.6/linux-2.6.39.tar.bz2
$ tar xvjf linux-2.6.39.tar.bz2

2. Download the ATMEL's patch and apply it

$ wget ftp://ftp.linux4sam.org/pub/Android4SAM/v2.1/patches/2.6.39-at91-exp.tar.gz
$ tar zxvf 2.6.39-at91-exp.tar.gz
$ cd linux-2.6.39
$ for i in ../2.6.39-at91-exp/*; do patch -p1 < $i; done
$ cd ..

3. Download the Android kernel patch and apply it

$ wget ftp://ftp.linux4sam.org/pub/Android4SAM/v2.1/patches/linux-2.6.39.diff
$ cd linux-2.6.39
$ patch -p1 < ../linux-2.6.39.diff
$ cd ..

4. Download Android4SAM patch and apply it

$ wget ftp://ftp.linux4sam.org/pub/Android4SAM/v2.1/patches/linux-2.6.39_Android-2.3.7_r1.diff 
$ cd linux-2.6.39
$ patch -p1 < ../linux-2.6.39_Android-2.3.7_r1.diff 
$ cd ..

You now have an Android4SAM Linux kernel.

Configure and Build Linux Kernel

Now you need to configure the Linux Kernel according to your hardware. We provided a default configuration file in the patchset for you to use.

$ cd linux-2.6.39
$ make mrproper

1. For NAND Flash boot
You need to BuildAndroid before this step, and copy mydroid/out/target/product/sam9m10/root (sam9m10 as an example) directory to linux-2.6.39 directory or use prebuilt extract it directly sam9m10-root.tar.gz, sam9g45-root.tar.gz, sam9x5-root.tar.gz

• For AT91SAM9M10-G45-EK board with SAM9G45 MCU:

  $ make ARCH=arm at91sam9g45_android_ubifs_defconfig 
  

• For AT91SAM9M10-G45-EK board with SAM9M10 MCU:

  $ make ARCH=arm at91sam9m10_android_ubifs_defconfig 
  

• For AT91SAM9x5-EK board with SAM9G15, SAM9G35, SAM9X35 MCU:

  $ make ARCH=arm at91sam9x5_android_ubifs_defconfig 
  

2. For SD Card boot

• For AT91SAM9M10-G45-EK board with SAM9G45 MCU:

  $ make ARCH=arm at91sam9g45_android_sdcard_defconfig 
  

• For AT91SAM9M10-G45-EK board with SAM9M10 MCU:

  $ make ARCH=arm at91sam9m10_android_sdcard_defconfig 
  

• For AT91SAM9x5-EK board with SAM9G15, SAM9G35, SAM9x35 MCU:

  $ make ARCH=arm at91sam9x5_android_sdcard_defconfig 
  

3. At this step, you can modify default configuration (Optional)

$ make ARCH=arm menuconfig 

4. And build the Linux kernel image

$ make uImage ARCH=arm  CROSS_COMPILE=<path_to_cross-compiler/cross-compiler-prefix->

After finish successfully, you can find kernel image in: arch/arm/boot/uImage

NOTE: Make sure "mkimage" command can be found in your current path, otherwise U-Boot style image cannot be built.

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